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WebOct 7, 2024 · Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and its metabolites function as critical regulators to maintain physiologic processes, enabling the plastic cells to adapt to environmental changes ... WebVitamins have traditionally played the role of coenzymes, organic molecules that facilitate the chemical reactions catalyzed by enzymes. However, several vitamins assume additional endocrine-like actions; this review will discuss four such vitamins. Vitamin K2 is involved in the gamma-carboxylation … WebJan 1, 2024 · 4. KP metabolites involved in redox reactions. 4.1. Tryptophan (TRP) Tryptophan, the essential amino acid, is involved in redox reactions by itself. TRP can react with hydroxyl radical and tert -butoxyl radical ( (CH 3 )CO) with rate constants of k = 10 10 M/s and 2.8 × 10 9 M/s, respectively ( Mahal et al., 1999 ). no water when bleeding radiators